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Transformer Architecture Explorer

Interactive exploration of transformer model architecture and data flow

Architecture Diagram

Input Embeddings
Positional Encoding
Multi-Head Attention
Add & Norm
Feed Forward
Add & Norm
Output Layer

Encoder-Decoder

Used for sequence-to-sequence tasks (T5)

T5BARTTransformer (original)

Layer Details

Input Embeddings

• Converts discrete tokens to dense vector representations

• Learned during training to capture semantic meaning

• Typically 512 or 768 dimensional vectors

• Foundation for all subsequent processing

Data Flow Process

1

Input tokens are converted to embeddings

2

Positional encoding is added to preserve sequence order

3

Multi-head attention computes relationships between tokens

4

Residual connection and layer normalization

5

Feed-forward network processes each position

6

Another residual connection and normalization

7

Output probabilities are generated

Architecture Variants

Encoder Only

Used for understanding tasks (BERT)

BERTRoBERTaDistilBERT

Decoder Only

Used for generation tasks (GPT)

GPT-3GPT-4ChatGPT

Encoder-Decoder

Used for sequence-to-sequence tasks (T5)

T5BARTTransformer (original)

Key Insights

Self-attention mechanism allows parallel processing unlike RNNs

Residual connections help with gradient flow in deep networks

Layer normalization stabilizes training dynamics

Positional encoding enables understanding of sequence order

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